What is the PDCA Cycle?
→ PDCA cycle stands for Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle.
→ Deming invented the PDCA cycle.
→ The PDCA cycle is a continuous improvement process.
→ This process helps organizations systematically solve problems and enhance processes.
Table of Content:
Four Phases of PDCA Cycle:
⏩Refer to the below mentioned four steps of PDCA Cycle.
- Plan Phase
- Do Phase
- Check Phase
- Act Phase
01. Plan Phase:
→ In this phase, we need to define the problem.
→ In other words, we can say that we need to define the problem description
→ The 5W2H method is commonly used to define the problem.
⏩The 5W2H stands for:
- What: What is the problem?
- Why: Why is it a problem?
- Where: Where does it occur?
- When: When does it occur?
- Who: Who is involved or affected?
- How: How does it manifest?
- How Much: How severe or significant is it?
→ After the problem description, we need to analyze the problem.
→ The 5 Why analysis is most commonly used for problem analysis.
→ The Five Why analysis is a technique to identify the root cause(s) of a problem by repeatedly asking questions by "why" until the fundamental issue is identified.
→ Based on the root cause we can implement the corrective actions.
02. Do Phase:
→ The second phase is containment action.
→ Containment action is also known as immediate action.
→ Temporary measures are taken to control the problem and prevent further issues while a permanent solution is being developed.
→ Implementation is a long-term action.
→ We need to implement corrective and preventive actions to eliminate the recurrence of the problem.
→ This includes allocating resources, assigning responsibilities, and ensuring proper communication.
03. Check Phase:
→ Now the third phase is to check or test the parameters.
→ The specific metrics or parameters used to evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented actions.
→ We need to define the criteria for checking such as the standards or benchmarks.
→ Also, we need to define the frequency of checking which means how often the checking or testing should be conducted to monitor progress.
→ For better execution, we need to define the responsibility of the individuals or teams.
→ Finally, we need to evaluate whether the implemented actions have successfully resolved the problem and met the target or not?
04. Act Phase:
→ The final and fourth phases is implementation tasks for established standards.
→ If required then we need to develop the new standard.
→ Also, we can develop new procedures or standards as and when required.
→ Sometimes we can update existing standards to sustain the improvements.
→ The PDCA cycle is repetitive.
→ After the "Act" phase, the cycle begins again with the next issue or opportunity for improvement.
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